prostatitis

15 November 2026

Prostatitis is a disease of the prostate (prostate) that occurs due to inflammatory changes in the prostate.According to statistics, the prevalence of this disease is 35-50%, and it mostly occurs in men aged 20-40 years.

Species

There are 4 forms of prostatitis:

acute (bacterial);
chronic bacterial;
Chronic nonbacterial;
Asymptomatic and chronic.

Acute prostatitis is very rare, since the inflammatory process develops rapidly and immediately transforms into a chronic phase (pseudo-improvement).

Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis, also known as chronic pelvic pain syndrome, can be inflammatory (increased levels of white blood cells in urine and ejaculate) and non-inflammatory in nature.

reason

The causes of acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis are pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi).The most common sources of inflammation are:

E. coli;
Streptococcus;
staphylococcus;
Proteus;
Klebsiella;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
Sexually transmitted disease pathogens (Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas, Cytomegalovirus, etc.).

Most microorganisms are found in the intestines and skin, but when they enter the prostate tissue, they cause an inflammatory process.Generally speaking, the cause of disease is not a single pathogen, but the combined effect of multiple microorganisms.

The occurrence of chronic prostatitis may be caused by the following factors:

Concomitant diseases of the urinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis);
Sedentary lifestyle (“sedentary” work);
tendency to constipation;
Reduced body defenses;
Injuried;
hormonal imbalance;
alcohol and smoking;
promiscuity;
Irregular sex life (long-term abstinence);
Interruption of sexual intercourse;
Irregular bladder emptying;
Unsatisfied sexual desire;
chronic stress;
low temperature;
Presence of dental caries and other chronic sources of infection (eg, chronic tonsillitis).

symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a very hidden disease."Infecting" it is quite difficult, because, firstly, the process quickly becomes chronic, and secondly, most patients prefer to "sit back and watch" the manifestations of acute prostatitis at home.Patients with prostate inflammation often consult their doctors in advanced cases suffering from erectile dysfunction and other consequences.

The acute form of the disease occurs in the context of:

temperature rise;
Chills;
Other signs of poisoning (weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite, etc.).

Inflammation of the prostate is accompanied by pain in the perineum, groin area, and scrotum.

Dysuria and frequent urination are also typical symptoms.Sometimes white purulent discharge can be seen in the urine.

Additionally, patients may notice a lack of erections at night and in the morning, poor erection quality during intimacy, and a drastic shortening of sexual intercourse.

Typical symptoms of urinary tract disease are a weak urine flow and a frequent need to urinate, although very little urine is produced.

Later, without treatment, chronic prostatitis reaches its peak: sexual dysfunction occurs.For example:

Insufficient or no erection;
Painful erection, so the patient avoids sexual intercourse;
eliminates orgasm;
Sexual intercourse is short;
Pain during ejaculation.

Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis accounts for 95% of all prostatitis cases; it mainly affects men around the age of 30.It is characterized by persistent or periodic pain in the pelvic area, prostate, and scrotum with no signs of inflammation on laboratory tests.The cause of the disease is not yet clear.

diagnosis

When diagnosing acute or chronic prostatitis, in addition to collecting chief complaints, medical history, and examining the patient, the following methods are also used:

General blood and urinalysis;
Microscopic examination of prostate secretions and plating them on nutrient media to identify pathogens (secretions obtained after rectal digital compression of the prostate);
Urine cytology;
Ultrasound examination of the prostate and pelvic organs;
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
Urethral smear to examine microflora.

Differential diagnosis aims to differentiate between signs of prostatitis, prostatic adenoma, prostate cancer, and prostatic stones.

A complete list of diagnostic procedures and medications to treat prostatitis is listed in the 2012 Federal Standards of Care.

Treatment of prostatitis

The same symptoms may be signs of different illnesses, and the illnesses may not play out in textbook fashion.Do not attempt to treat it on your own - consult your doctor.Treatment of prostatitis is performed by a urologist.

The goal of allotropic therapy aimed at eliminating the cause of prostatitis is to eliminate the pathogen.Depending on the identified cause, antibiotics, antiviral, or antifungal medications are prescribed.The duration of treatment for acute prostatitis is 7-10 days, and for chronic processes 4-8 weeks.

To treat bacterial infections, the following medications are used: